Ukraine plans to demand nearly $44 billion from Russia for climate damage linked to wartime emissions—marking the first time a country has sought compensation for CO₂ output caused by armed conflict.
Officials say the war generated massive environmental harm, including pollution from fuel, steel, cement and widespread forest destruction.
A Dutch expert estimates 237 million tons of CO₂-equivalent have been released since the invasion—equal to the annual emissions of Ireland, Belgium, and Austria combined.
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