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Poles commemorate the 30th anniversary of the imposing of martial law on midnight December 13, 1981.
Several hundred people gathered outside the home of former communist leader General Jaruzelski in Warsaw to remember his government's crackdown against a growing wave of pro-democracy protests.
Protesters waved Polish flags and read out names of people killed by communist security forces after martial law was imposed.
Jaruzelski, who took the decision to imprison key democracy activists and send the military into the streets, is in hospital where is having chemotherapy for lymphoma.
In his defense, Jaruzelski has claimed that the move to impose martial law was a measure aimed at preventing military intervention of Russian and Warsaw Pact countries, such as in Hungary in 1956 and Czechoslovakia in 1968.
A number of events are planned in Polish cities to mark the anniversary, including a march organised by opposition leader Jaroslaw Kaczynski against Poland's involvement in tighter EU integration.