Noam Shalit the father of Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit held captive in Gaza for over 5 years asked a Paris court to take steps against Hamas leaders holding his son. Noam gave the judges the names of three people he believes are responsible for his son's abduction including Hamas chief Khaled Mashaal and his deputy Moussa Abu Marzouk. Gilad Shalit has dual Israeli French nationality. Noam and Aviva Shalit filed a complaint in the French court in June claiming the French judges have wider investigating powers and were more likely to receive cooperation from Arab states. The last sign of life they received from their son was in October 2009 when a videotape was released.